Israel, US Conduct Airstrikes on Iran Nuclear Sites, Ceasefire Fragile

In 2025, a significant military conflict unfolded involving Iran, Israel, and the United States, sparked by Iran's nuclear defiance and support for regional proxies, which led to a series of coordinated air and missile strikes that severely damaged Iran's military infrastructure and nuclear facilities. Despite Iran announcing a halt in operations contingent on Israel stopping attacks, Iranian officials clarified that they did not formally accept a ceasefire, reflecting ongoing tensions and mistrust. The conflict has depleted Iran's military capabilities but left it with limited options including localized missile and drone attacks and proxy disruptions, although its air defenses remain outmatched. President Donald J. Trump played a key role in escalating pressure on Iran through a strategy of “maximum pressure” and rejected the nuclear deal, leading to the current conflict after failed negotiations. Analysts and commentators suggest that Iran's leadership has a history of dissimulation and may continue to use negotiations as a delaying tactic, and the war in West Asia remains unresolved with the potential for further escalation. The situation underscores the complexities of achieving peace in the region, with Iran's nuclear ambitions and proxy activities continuing to pose challenges despite significant military setbacks.