India Advances Rare Earth Exploration in Assam, West Bengal

West Bengal is emerging as a new hub for rare earth mining in India, with the Geological Survey of India conducting advanced G2-level exploration in the Purulia district to reduce the country's dependence on imports of critical minerals used in electric vehicles, electronics, and renewable energy technologies. Although the specific rare earth elements have not yet been identified, the deposits are expected to contain a complex mix of 14-17 minerals, presenting technical challenges for extraction and processing. India is also focusing on vanadium resources in the lower Himalayan belt, which are crucial for energy storage and alloy production. To complement mining efforts, the Indian government has announced a ₹1,345 crore scheme to boost domestic manufacturing of rare earth magnets, critical for EVs, telecommunications, and defense, aiming to reduce reliance on China, which currently dominates global processing and supply. This incentive program encourages investment across the supply chain, from mineral extraction to finished magnet production, with industry leaders like Mahindra & Mahindra showing interest in local manufacturing. Despite India's significant rare earth reserves, exploration remains limited, but these initiatives reflect a strategic push towards mineral independence and strengthening national security and industrial growth.