Pakistan has acknowledged the rise of terrorism within its borders, launching a new national counter-terrorism campaign. However, critics argue that the roots of this extremism stem from the country's own historical use of militant groups as tools in regional conflicts, dating back to its inception in 1947. Meanwhile, the Taliban's rule in Afghanistan has led to a significant regression in governance, as they enforce a newly issued charter that promotes a medieval interpretation of Islamic law, undermining modern state principles. This shift has resulted in widespread repression of non-Hanafi religious groups in Afghanistan, contradicting the nation’s historical tradition of religious tolerance. As the Taliban consolidates power, pressures against minority sects have intensified, challenging the previously peaceful coexistence in Afghan society. The situation in both countries underscores the complex interplay of terrorism, governance, and religious intolerance in the region.