India-Pakistan Ceasefire Follows Kashmir Escalation

The recent escalation between India and Pakistan began with the April 22 Pahalgam attack in Kashmir, leading to deadly violence, including missile exchanges and India's Operation Sindoor targeting alleged terrorist sites. Pakistan condemned India's strikes, claimed to have downed several Indian aircraft, and both sides invoked religious and nationalistic rhetoric. A ceasefire was agreed upon on May 10, with Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif reaffirming Pakistan's commitment but emphasizing the unresolved Kashmir dispute and strengthening ties with allies like Azerbaijan. Analysts highlight the increased risk of uncontrolled escalation due to diminished international norms, reduced U.S. engagement, and reliance on advanced military technologies. Civilians in Kashmir continue to suffer from ongoing attacks, fueling widespread fear and exhaustion. Experts stress the need for Pakistan to recalibrate its geopolitical strategy and foster internal unity to address future crises.