Far-Right Conservative Catholicism Resurges Among US Republicans

The United States is undergoing a significant cultural and religious transformation marked by a decline in traditional Christian identification and the rise of secularism, especially among younger generations, which is reshaping the national identity and creating cultural conflicts. Concurrently, a new form of religious right, exemplified by President Donald Trump's administration, is emerging, characterized by an American nationalism that diverges from traditional religion and aligns closely with conservative political goals. This shift also manifests within the Catholic Church in the U.S., where conservative and far-right Catholicism has gained influence, partially in reaction to the election of Pope Leo XIV, who embodies a more globalist and liberal stance that conservative American Catholics oppose. Catholic Social Teaching itself is divided between a liberal-subsidiarity tradition emphasizing economic liberty and skepticism of state power, and a globalist-solidarity tradition favoring international coordination and regulatory governance, with the latter currently dominating but facing calls for revival of the former. The rise of conservative Catholicism in the U.S. is also reflected politically, with a majority of Catholics supporting Trump in the 2024 election, indicating a realignment of religious affiliation and political behavior. These religious and political dynamics are intertwined with broader societal debates, including the backlash against corporate diversity, equity, and inclusion efforts, which conservative groups have successfully challenged in recent years as part of a populist movement.