M23 Rebels Shift to Economic Projects Amid Ongoing Conflict in Eastern Congo

The M23 rebel group, after seizing control of eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), is shifting its focus from armed conflict to governance and economic revival in the regions it occupies. The group has imposed new tax systems on local businesses, artisanal miners, and aid agencies, with levies reaching up to 20% for some traders and a 15% tax on coltan production—a critical mineral for global electronics. While M23 claims to prioritize infrastructure, trade route security, and entrepreneurship, many residents face hardships from disrupted supply chains, currency shortages, and rising prices. Critics, including rights groups and the Congolese government, accuse M23 of continuing rights abuses, forced displacements, and ceasefire violations, casting doubt on the sincerity of the group's economic pivot. Some locals acknowledge minor improvements, such as better road conditions, but widespread distrust persists due to the rebels' violent history. The situation underscores the DRC's ongoing governance challenges, where state neglect has left a vacuum now filled by armed groups.