India is facing a significant outbreak of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES), primarily affecting children under 15 years old, with 148 reported cases and 59 deaths across four states: Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Maharashtra. The Chandipura virus, a member of the Rhabdoviridae family, has been confirmed in 51 of these cases, predominantly in Gujarat. The virus, transmitted by vectors like sand flies and ticks, causes severe symptoms and has a high mortality rate. Health authorities have launched extensive vector control measures, including insecticidal sprays and public awareness campaigns. Surveillance efforts are heightened, with a National Joint Outbreak Response Team (NJORT) deployed to assist in epidemiological investigations and public health interventions. Despite the severity, a decline in new AES cases has been observed since July 19, 2024.