Cardinal Parolin's China Deal Raises Papal Conclave Concerns

Cardinal Pietro Parolin, a seasoned Vatican diplomat and former Secretary of State under Pope Francis, has emerged as the frontrunner to succeed the late pontiff, though his candidacy is clouded by controversy over a 2018 deal with China. Parolin negotiated an agreement granting Beijing a say in the appointment of Catholic bishops, aiming to bridge divisions between China's underground churches loyal to Rome and the state-sanctioned Catholic Patriotic Association. Critics, including many Chinese Catholics and prominent figures within the Church, view the deal as a betrayal that capitulated to China's authoritarian control, undermining those who resisted Communist interference. Despite negative assessments of the deal's outcomes—China has largely ignored Vatican input and continued unilateral bishop appointments—Parolin remains popular among many cardinals for his diplomatic skills and moderate stance. Supporters emphasize his reliability and experience, suggesting that his papacy would be stable, while detractors warn the China controversy could jeopardize his election. As the conclave convenes, Parolin's legacy with China is a focal point, shaping both his prospects and the broader debate over the Church's future direction.