Melting Glaciers Raise Volcanic Eruption Risks in Multiple Regions

Recent scientific research reveals that climate change–induced glacier melting is increasing volcanic activity worldwide by reducing pressure on magma chambers beneath ice-covered volcanoes. Studies, particularly those analyzing six volcanoes in southern Chile, show that during the last ice age, thick ice sheets suppressed eruptions, but as ice retreated, volcanic eruptions became more frequent and explosive due to gas expansion and crustal rebound. This phenomenon, previously observed in Iceland, is now noted in other regions including Patagonia, Antarctica, Alaska, and Kamchatka, with models suggesting even minor glacier loss can significantly raise eruption risks over centuries. The research highlights that volcanoes once dormant under ice may awaken and erupt violently, posing future hazards exacerbated by ongoing global warming. Additionally, concerns have been raised about human activities like underground nuclear testing possibly accelerating volcanic reactivation. Scientists emphasize the need for global preparedness as the interplay of melting glaciers and volcanic activity threatens to intensify natural disasters and climate disruption.