Robert Roberson, a Texas man convicted in 2003 of killing his two-year-old daughter, is scheduled for execution on October 17, potentially making him the first person executed in the U.S. for a case linked to 'shaken baby syndrome' (SBS), a diagnosis that has come under scrutiny. Advocates argue that new scientific evidence, including findings of pneumonia, exonerates Roberson and undermines the validity of SBS as a cause of death. His attorneys have filed motions for clemency and a stay of execution, claiming that Roberson was wrongfully convicted based on misleading medical testimony. Roberson maintains his innocence, asserting he was falsely accused after rushing his daughter to the hospital when he found her unresponsive. The Texas Board of Pardons and Paroles is reviewing his clemency petition, with Texas Governor Greg Abbott ultimately having the final say. If executed, Roberson's case would highlight ongoing debates over the reliability of SBS as a medical diagnosis in criminal cases.