Recent research highlights the increasing threat to Antarctica's unique ecosystems from non-native marine species and pollution, driven by climate change and rising plastic debris. Advanced oceanographic modeling reveals that floating materials—such as kelp and plastics—can transport invasive species from as far north as South America, Australia, and South Africa to Antarctic waters, expanding the potential for ecological disruption. Lead author Dr. Hannah Dawson emphasizes that while these species have historically struggled to establish in cold Antarctic waters, warming temperatures and melting ice are changing this dynamic. The study underscores that non-native species, including small marine invertebrates, could disrupt local ecosystems, which have remained isolated for millions of years and are not accustomed to such competition. Environmental experts warn that this influx of foreign species, coupled with pollution, poses significant risks to biodiversity in the region, necessitating urgent monitoring and preventive actions.