Developing Nations Criticize Trade Measures at COP29

During the COP29 climate talks, developing countries, led by India and China on behalf of the BASIC group, condemned unilateral trade measures presented as climate actions, labeling them 'discriminatory' and detrimental to global cooperation. They argue these measures violate principles of equity and the common but differentiated responsibilities (CBDR) framework. Notably, concerns were raised regarding the European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), which imposes tariffs on imported products not meeting EU carbon norms. Although a proposal to discuss these trade measures was not included in the formal agenda, consultations are expected to take place. Developed nations, particularly the EU, contend that such trade issues should be addressed by the World Trade Organization rather than at climate-focused forums. India emphasized that these measures unfairly burden developing nations in their transition to low-carbon economies and undermine climate finance commitments from wealthier nations.