On September 5, 2024, the Council of Europe opened for signature the world's first legally binding international treaty on artificial intelligence (AI), known as the Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law. This treaty, signed by multiple nations including the US, UK, EU, and others, aims to ensure that AI development respects human rights and democratic values while managing associated risks. While hailed as a significant step by UK Justice Minister Shabana Mahmood, some critics argue the treaty is vague, with broad principles and potential loopholes that may undermine its effectiveness. The Convention complements the EU's AI Act but focuses more on human rights rather than detailed regulatory frameworks. Although the treaty is a collaborative effort involving 57 countries, it has faced criticism for excluding major tech players like China and Russia from the negotiations. The Council of Europe hopes that this treaty will pave the way for broader global standards in AI governance.