Rwanda has closed over 4,000 churches in a recent crackdown aimed at enforcing health and safety regulations, primarily targeting small Pentecostal churches and some mosques. The closures, which include 427 churches located in caves, are the first major enforcement action since a law was enacted five years ago requiring organized operations and safe environments for places of worship. Local Government Minister Jean Claude Musabyimana stated that the measures are intended to ensure the safety and tranquility of worshippers, not to prevent prayer. Churches have been given five years to comply with the regulations, which mandate soundproofing, hygiene standards, and theological training for preachers. President Paul Kagame has previously commented on the unsustainable proliferation of churches in Rwanda, suggesting that the number is excessive for the country's economic context. The ongoing enforcement involves inspections by the Rwanda Governance Board (RGB) in collaboration with local authorities and health departments.