The federal antitrust trial against Google has commenced, with the Department of Justice (DOJ) alleging that Google has monopolized the online advertising market by controlling all aspects of ad transactions and limiting competition. DOJ attorney Julia Tarver Wood stated that Google's practices, including tying its publisher ad server to its ad exchange, create an unfair advantage that harms both publishers and advertisers. Testimonies from industry representatives, including Gannett's Tim Wolfe, revealed the difficulties of competing against Google's dominant position in ad tech. Google counters that it operates within a two-sided market and claims the DOJ is misinterpreting market dynamics. This trial follows a recent ruling that designated Google a monopolist in internet search, adding further weight to the government's case. A ruling from U.S. District Judge Leonie Brinkema is expected at the end of this multi-week trial, which could lead to significant changes in the digital advertising landscape.