Curiosity Rover Observes Iridescent Clouds on Mars

NASA's Curiosity rover has captured stunning images of iridescent clouds on Mars, observed at high altitudes during twilight. These unique formations, composed primarily of carbon dioxide ice, were seen between 60 and 80 kilometers above the Martian surface and are notable for their colorful, mother-of-pearl-like appearance. The phenomenon has been recorded for the fourth consecutive Martian year, with initial observations dating back to NASA's Pathfinder mission in 1997. Atmospheric scientists are studying these clouds to gain insights into Martian atmospheric processes and climate dynamics, particularly as they exhibit seasonal patterns that allow for predictive observations. Mark Lemmon, an atmospheric scientist, noted that the colorful clouds were once thought to be a color anomaly, but their recurring nature has sparked deeper investigation into their formation and implications for understanding Mars' weather. This research builds on a comprehensive cloud map created from two decades of data from missions like the European Space Agency's Mars Express orbiter.