The US Department of Justice has unsealed criminal charges against Hamas leaders, including Yahya Sinwar, for their involvement in the October 7, 2023 attacks in Israel, which resulted in the deaths of over 1,200 people, including American citizens. The charges include conspiracy to provide material support to a foreign terrorist organization, conspiracy to murder US nationals, and conspiracy to use weapons of mass destruction. Attorney General Merrick Garland emphasized that these actions are part of a broader effort to dismantle Hamas's operations and hold accountable those responsible for targeting civilians. The indictment also implicates other Hamas leaders, including the late Ismail Haniyeh and Marwan Issa, who were key figures in orchestrating the attacks. Despite the charges, Sinwar is believed to be hiding in Gaza tunnels, making his prosecution uncertain. The indictment marks a significant step in US counterterrorism efforts against Hamas amid rising tensions in the region.