Rare Hawaiian 'Bone Collector' Caterpillar Endangered

A rare carnivorous caterpillar species known as the 'bone collector,' belonging to the genus Hyposmocoma, has been discovered in a small, isolated patch of mountain forest on Oahu, Hawaii. This caterpillar decorates its silk case with insect remains to camouflage itself from spiders and feeds on weakened, dead, or trapped insects, sometimes exhibiting cannibalism. Only 62 individuals have been observed over more than 20 years, and the species is considered endangered due to habitat loss and invasive species. Researchers estimate the lineage is at least six million years old, predating the current high Hawaiian islands. The caterpillar's unique survival strategy is an evolutionary adaptation never before seen in caterpillars. Scientists highlight the discovery as a testament to Hawaii's biodiversity and stress the urgent need for conservation.