China Communist Party Fourth Plenum Begins Charting 2030 Economic, Leadership Plans

China's Communist Party Central Committee has convened its fourth plenum from October 20 to 23, gathering over 350 top officials to discuss the nation's economic and political direction amid mounting domestic challenges and geopolitical tensions, particularly with the United States. President Xi Jinping presented proposals for the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030), emphasizing the integration of AI into 90% of China's economy, government, and society by 2030, reflecting a strategic push to boost national strength and technological advancement. The meeting also anticipates significant leadership changes, with at least nine senior officials, including top military generals, expected to be replaced due to retirement or corruption investigations, highlighting ongoing anti-corruption efforts under Xi’s leadership. Security measures around the venue in Beijing were notably increased, including restrictions on drones and vehicle monitoring, underscoring the session's sensitivity. While detailed policy announcements are expected after the meeting's conclusion, the full plan will be finalized and ratified during the National People's Congress in March 2026. This plenum is closely watched internationally as it signals China's approach to economic growth, domestic governance, and strategic rivalry in the global landscape.