Michael Smith, a North Carolina musician, has been indicted for allegedly orchestrating a scheme that fraudulently generated over $10 million in royalties through artificial streaming of AI-generated music. Spotify reported that it accounted for only 0.6% of the fraudulent royalties, amounting to approximately $60,000, and emphasized its effective measures against artificial streaming, which it claims helped limit Smith's profits. The indictment mentions that Smith worked with two co-conspirators, Alex Mitchell and Bram Bessoff, whose involvement raises questions about the role of generative AI in the scheme. Smith faces multiple felony charges, including wire fraud and money laundering, and could face up to 20 years in prison. The U.S. Department of Justice is investigating the broader implications of this case on the streaming industry, as it highlights vulnerabilities in royalty payment systems and the detection of streaming fraud. Observers are now considering how streaming services can enhance their monitoring to prevent similar schemes in the future.