Weight Loss Before IVF Boosts Pregnancy Chances, Live Birth Effect Unclear

Recent research indicates that weight loss interventions before in vitro fertilization (IVF) significantly increase the chances of pregnancy, especially through natural conception, thereby potentially reducing the need for IVF treatment. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 randomized controlled trials involving nearly 2,000 women with a BMI over 27 found a 21% higher overall pregnancy rate for those who participated in structured weight loss programs, with natural conception rates rising by 47%. However, the effect of weight loss on live birth rates remains uncertain, partly due to limited tracking of live birth outcomes in the studies. Experts caution that while weight loss may improve fertility outcomes, the evidence on IVF success specifically is less clear, and many studies have methodological limitations and heterogeneity. Weight loss medications like Wegovy and Zepbound may contribute to fertility improvements by restoring ovulation in women with obesity, but their direct impact on fertility and birth control interference requires further research. These findings highlight a paradox where women with obesity, who are more likely to need IVF, often face eligibility restrictions based on BMI in publicly funded programs, disproportionately affecting disadvantaged groups.