A recent Australian government report reveals that only five of the 19 targets aimed at improving the lives of Indigenous Australians are on track, highlighting ongoing challenges. Indigenous Australians, who make up 3.6% of the population, continue to face significant disparities in economic and social indicators, along with alarmingly high rates of suicide and incarceration. Following the failed 2023 referendum to recognize Indigenous people in the constitution, the report indicates worsening conditions such as increased imprisonment and more Aboriginal children in out-of-home care. Minister for Indigenous Australians, Malarndirri McCarthy, expressed concern over the troubling figures and called for a bipartisan approach to address these issues. Advocacy leaders, including Catherine Liddle, emphasize the need for governments to collaborate directly with Indigenous communities to create effective solutions. While some metrics show improvement, like life expectancy and preschool enrollment, substantial data gaps hinder accurate assessments and progress toward closing the disparities by the targeted 2031 deadline.