Colombian Scientists Sequence Unknown Ancient Human Lineage

Scientists have discovered a previously unknown ancient human lineage named the Checua in Colombia, dating back about 6,000 years. Genome sequencing of remains from the Checua group revealed a unique lineage distinct from other populations who migrated through Central America after crossing the Bering Strait. Physical anthropology studies showed that the Checua had notably elongated skulls and signs of dental infections, suggesting differences in lifestyle or health compared to later groups. Meanwhile, research into the genetics of Indigenous peoples of the Americas uncovered that many carry a Denisovan-derived variant of the MUC19 gene, which is involved in mucus production and likely helped early humans adapt to new environments and resist diseases. This Denisovan DNA was passed to Neanderthals and then to modern humans, illustrating a complex interbreeding history that contributed to the resilience of early settlers in the Americas. These findings collectively enhance our understanding of ancient human diversity and adaptation in the Americas.