Early-Life HIV Interventions Show Lasting Promise

Recent advances in pediatric HIV research show that a small proportion of HIV-infected children who receive early antiretroviral therapy can suppress the virus to undetectable levels and sometimes maintain remission even after stopping medication. Separately, a new gene therapy administered at birth has provided nonhuman primates with years of HIV protection by exploiting the tolerant window of the infant immune system, with effects lasting at least three years. This single-shot approach could be transformative in regions where healthcare access wanes after childbirth and adherence to ongoing treatments is challenging. In addition, innovations such as Gilead’s long-acting injectable PrEP are broadening prevention options and helping reduce stigma among previously underserved communities. The new research highlights the critical value of early-life interventions for preventing pediatric HIV. Together, these strategies signal a promising shift in global pediatric HIV prevention efforts.