South Africa Begins Radioactive Isotope Injections in Rhino Horns to Combat Poaching

South African researchers from Wits University, in collaboration with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), have launched the Rhisotope Project which involves injecting low-level radioactive isotopes into rhino horns to deter poaching and trafficking. After six years of development and safety testing on about 20 rhinos, the procedure has been proven safe for the animals and effective in making the horns detectable by radiation scanners at international borders and customs checkpoints. The project utilizes nuclear technology and existing radiation portal monitors to identify rhino horns even within large shipping containers, aiming to disrupt illegal trade and protect South Africa's large rhino population. This innovative approach harnesses global nuclear security infrastructure to address wildlife crime while ensuring no harm to rhinos or their offspring, supported by comprehensive biological dosimetry and simulations. The Rhisotope Project has now reached operational status and represents a novel application of nuclear science in conservation efforts amid ongoing high rates of rhino poaching in South Africa. The initiative highlights how nuclear technology can be repurposed to tackle urgent environmental challenges effectively.