Studies Reveal Ancient Lakes in Arabian Desert

Recent studies published in Nature and Communications Earth & Environment reveal that regions of the Arabian Peninsula, now desert, were lush and hospitable with rivers, lakes, and grasslands up to 8 million years ago. Speleothems found in caves across the peninsula provided evidence of multiple humid periods, facilitating the movement of animals and early humans between Africa and Eurasia. The Saudi Heritage Authority and international researchers utilized dating techniques to uncover these climate records, with findings highlighting significant biogeographic exchanges. The research forms part of the Green Arabia Project, aiming to enhance understanding of the region's natural and cultural history. The studies also suggest these wetter conditions were influenced by cyclical changes in Earth's orbit, which altered weather patterns, bringing monsoons from the south. Despite these discoveries, much of the region's ancient climate history remains unexplored, presenting further opportunities for scientific breakthroughs.