Pakistan is facing a resurgence of polio, with 17 cases reported so far in 2024, including the first case in Islamabad in 16 years. The transmission is exacerbated by cross-border movements from Afghanistan, where vaccination efforts have been hampered since 2018. In response, Pakistani authorities are launching a nationwide vaccination campaign starting September 9, targeting over 30 million children under five. Despite these efforts, challenges persist, including vaccine refusals driven by misinformation and security risks to health workers. Meanwhile, a campaign to vaccinate 200,000 children in northern Gaza against polio has begun despite significant challenges including fuel shortages, access restrictions, and recent Israeli military actions. The re-emergence of polio in Gaza, linked to a global vaccine strategy change in 2016, underscores the ongoing global struggle against the disease.