Indonesia Plans Small Modular Nuclear Reactor by 2032 Amid Energy Transition Challenges

Indonesia is pursuing nuclear energy to meet rising energy demands and reduce emissions, targeting its first small modular reactor by 2032 as part of a broader strategy to phase out coal power within 15 years. The government aims for nuclear to contribute 40-54GW of the projected 400GW nationwide capacity by 2060, with 29 potential sites identified mostly outside Java to develop the archipelago's center and east. While abundant coal reserves have historically supplied most of Indonesia's electricity, accounting for about two-thirds of generation, the country also plans significant expansion in renewables, aiming for roughly 60GW of new capacity over the next nine years, primarily from renewable sources. Despite the push for cleaner energy, new coal-fired plants are still expected to come online, with large investments planned totaling nearly $183 billion through 2034, including substantial roles for state utility Perusahaan Listrik Negara and private investors. Challenges to Indonesia's nuclear ambitions include seismic risks due to its location on the Ring of Fire and the logistical complexities of siting and constructing reactors across the archipelago. This multifaceted approach reflects Indonesia's efforts to balance energy security, economic development, and emissions reduction in its evolving power sector.